The HIV Virus and Sex

Avoiding STDs
Protect yourself and others.If you are HIV positive, you can spread the HIV virus—even if your viral load is undetectable. Also, even if you are HIV positive, you need to protect yourself from types of the virus that may be resistant to medication and from other STDs.

Condom use may help reduce the spread of HIV. Use a new latex condom every time you have vaginal, anal, or oral sex. DO NOT use lambskin condoms, because they will not protect against HIV. Use a water- or silicone-based lubricant. Never use an oil-based lubricant, such as Vaseline or hand lotion. Oil-based lubricants can break down latex condoms. Always practice safer sex. Condoms can reduce the risk of transmitting HIV and STDs between partners.

The HIV virus is not spread by casual contact. The virus can only be transmitted if HIV-infected bodily fluid comes into contact with your blood or mucous membranes.

If you inject drugs, never share needles with anyone.

The HIV virus can be spread by

1. Unprotected sexual intercourse (vaginal or anal)
2. Sharing drug needles or tattoo needles
3. Unprotected oral sex
4. Mother to child transmission
5. Breast-feeding

The HIV virus cannot be spread by

1. Casual kissing
2. Sharing food or utensils
3. Shaking hands
4. Coughing or sneezing

Family planning
If you are sexually active and you wish to avoid pregnancy, make sure to use a latex condom and spermicidal lubricant every time you have intercourse.